Kev lag luam RO Membrane
Proshare Innovation Suzhou tsom mus rau kev ua tiav ntawm peb tiam ntawm Nano-composite nyias zaj duab xis hom high-end thim rov qab osmosis thiab nanofiltration membrane TFN R & D thiab ntau lawm, nyob rau hauv 10 xyoo dhau los tau ua tiav txoj kev loj hlob sai, lwm txoj rau imported membrane khoom, ruaj khov. daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv textile wastewater, khib nyiab leachate, siab ntsev thiab siab COD khib nyiab, thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig teb. PSI cov khoom tuaj yeem siv dav hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab, desalination, thiab cov dej ntshiab, xws li hluav taws xob, steel, electronics, electroplating, landfill leachate, petrochemicals, thee chemicals, thermal power, textile printing and dyeing, pulp thiab paper, pharmaceuticals , kev kho dej hauv nroog, biochemical technology, khoom noj & dej haus, aerospace thiab lwm yam.
Vim Li Cas Xaiv Peb
Peb lub Hoobkas
Proshare Innovation Suzhou tsom mus rau kev ua tiav ntawm peb tiam ntawm Nano-composite nyias zaj duab xis hom high-end thim rov qab osmosis thiab nanofiltration membrane TFN R & D thiab ntau lawm, nyob rau hauv 10 xyoo dhau los tau ua tiav txoj kev loj hlob sai, lwm txoj rau imported membrane khoom, ruaj khov. daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv textile wastewater, khib nyiab leachate, siab ntsev thiab siab COD khib nyiab, thiab lwm yam kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig teb.
Siv dav
PSI cov khoom tuaj yeem siv dav hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab, desalination, thiab cov dej ntshiab, xws li hluav taws xob, steel, electronics, electroplating, landfill leachate, petrochemicals, thee chemicals, thermal power, textile printing and dyeing, pulp thiab paper, pharmaceuticals , kev kho dej hauv nroog, biochemical technology, khoom noj & dej haus, aerospace thiab lwm yam.
Peb Cov Khoom
Rov qab Osmosis Membrane Element, NF Membrane ntsiab lus, Nanofiltration Membrane Element, Loose Nanofiltration Membrane Element, Compact Ultrafiltration Membrane Element, Tshwj xeeb Membrane Element rau kev lag luam, Brackish Water Osmosis Membrane Element, Desalination RO Membrane Element, Ultra-Treat Osmosis Element Khoom siv thiab System, Anti-Fouling RO Membrane Elements.
Peb Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj
ROHS daim ntawv pov thawj, IS09001 daim ntawv pov thawj zoo, Environmental
daim ntawv pov thawj kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv, kev tswj hwm kev nyab xeeb daim ntawv pov thawj, Cov qauv siv hluav taws xob patent daim ntawv pov thawj, Kev tsim khoom siv patent ntawm ntau txheej RO membrane, Invention patent ntawm daim nyias nyias tsim.
Seawater Desalination Membrane Element
Pro-SW Feature: Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv fouling membrane muab kev tiv thaiv zoo heev thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, ua kom muaj ntsev-txiav kev ua tau zoo thaum txo lub zog noj thiab ua kom lub voj voog tu ntev.
Pro-BW Feature: Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv fouling membrane muab kev ua haujlwm zoo los tiv thaiv fouling thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, ua kom cov ntsev-txiav kev ua tau zoo thaum txo lub zog noj thiab ua kom lub voj voog tu.
Ultra-low Pressure Membrane Element
Pro-LP Nta: PSl MEMBRANE® Pro-LP ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis membrane caij yog raws li qhov tseeb Thin Film Nanocomposite (TFN)Technology, uas ua tiav cov flux siab ntawm ultra-low kev khiav hauj lwm siab thiab ua rau tus nqi qis.
Extreme Anti-Fouling Membrane Element
Pro-XFR Nta: PSI MEMBRANE® Pro-XFR anti-fouling membrane yog ib tiam thib peb Nano-composite membrane hom (TFN) thim rov qab osmosis membrane cov cim tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv fouling membrane technology muab kev tiv thaiv zoo heev thiab muaj peev xwm huv si, xyuas kom meej. siab ntsev cuam tshuam kev ua tau zoo thaum txo kev siv hluav taws xob thiab ua kom lub voj voog tu ncua ntev.
Pro-FR Feature: Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv fouling membrane muab kev tiv thaiv zoo heev thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo, ua kom muaj ntsev-txiav kev ua tau zoo thaum txo lub zog noj thiab ua kom lub voj voog tu ntev.
Domestic Reverse Osmosis Membrane
Peb Reverse Osmosis daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem tshem tawm txog li 99% ntawm ntau tshaj 1, 000 cov kab mob ntawm koj cov dej, suav nrog cov hmoov lead (tshem tawm txog 98% ntawm cov hmoov txhuas), chlorine, fluoride, arsenic, asbestos, calcium, sodium, thiab ntau dua. .
Commercial RO Membrane yog dab tsi
Kev lag luam Ro daim nyias nyias yog tsim los kho cov dej ntim loj ntawm lub hauv paus tsis tu ncua. Lawv tau tsim los tiv thaiv kev siv hnyav thiab tshem tawm ntau yam kab mob, nrog rau cov zaub mov, ntsev thiab impurities. Kev lag luam ro membranes feem ntau muaj thaj chaw loj dua thiab cov nqi ntws ntau dua los muab kev kho dej kom zoo rau cov ntawv thov xws li tsev noj mov, tsev so, chaw tsim khoom thiab cov chaw ua dej loj.
Kev lag luam RO membrane muaj peev xwm los kho cov dej siab TDS.
Kev lag luam RO membrane txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm fouling tsawg heev.
Kev lag luam RO membrane yog qhov yooj yim heev thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau yooj yim.
Kev lag luam RO membrane kuj tseem siv los tshem tawm impurities hauv Kev Lag Luam Khoom Noj & Dej Haus.
Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog siv los tshem tawm TDS hauv Cov txheej txheem dej kho.
Kev lag luam RO membrane txij nkawm yog tsis tsim nyog.
Kev lag luam RO membrane nqi yog tus nqi zoo rau lawv lub neej kev pabcuam.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam RO Membrane
Daim ntawv thov:Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog tsim los rau kev kho dej me me xws li hauv khw noj mov, cafes, thiab kev lag luam me. Lawv kuj tau siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov hauv tsev. Ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj RO daim nyias nyias yog tsim los rau kev kho dej loj xws li hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob, kev tsim khoom noj thiab dej haus, thiab kev tsim tshuaj.
Dej Zoo:Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog tsim los kho cov dej uas tsis tshua muaj impurities thiab yaj cov khib nyiab, thaum muaj RO daim nyias nyias yog tsim los kho cov dej uas muaj cov impurities siab thiab cov khoom yaj. Muaj RO daim nyias nyias tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntau yam kab mob xws li cov kab mob, kab mob, thiab cov organic tebchaw.
Loj:Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog qhov me me, nrog qhov ntev ntawm 2 ntiv tes hauv txoj kab uas hla thiab 18 ntiv tes ntev. Muaj RO daim nyias nyias loj dua, nrog rau qhov ntev ntawm 4 ntiv tes hauv txoj kab uas hla thiab 40 ntiv tes ntev.
Membrane Thickness:Muaj RO daim nyias nyias yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv TFC tuab dua li cov khoom lag luam RO daim nyias nyias, feem ntau yog li ntawm 10 txog 100 microns hauv thickness. Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv thinner TFC.
Kev ua tau zoo:Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias muaj tus nqi siab dua ntsev, feem ntau yog li ntawm 98 txog 99.5%, piv rau cov khoom lag luam RO daim nyias nyias, uas feem ntau muaj cov ntsev tsis kam ntawm 95 mus rau 98%. Muaj RO daim nyias nyias kuj tseem tiv taus fouling thiab scaling, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev ua haujlwm dhau sijhawm.
Kev khiav hauj lwm siab:Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog tsim los ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj siab, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 150 psi, thaum muaj RO daim nyias nyias yog tsim los ua haujlwm ntawm qhov siab dua, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 600 txog 1000 psi.
Flow Rate:Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias muaj qhov qis qis, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 100 txog 400 nkas loos ib hnub (GPD), thaum muaj RO daim nyias nyias muaj tus nqi siab dua, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 10, 000 txog 50, 000 GPD.
Tsim:Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog feem ntau yog ib daim nyias nyias nyias, thaum muaj RO daim nyias nyias muaj xws li ob peb daim nyias nyias tau sib sau ua ke hauv lub nkoj siab. Lub nkoj siab yog tsim los tiv thaiv kev kub siab thiab muaj ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj rau cov dej nkag thiab qhov hluav taws xob thiab cov concentrate (kua pov tseg) dej.
Tus nqi:Kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yog kim dua li kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias, vim lawv qhov loj dua, cov khoom siv TFC tuab, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab dua. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv raug nqi ntau dua hauv cov ntawv thov loj, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem kho cov dej ntim ntau dua nrog cov nqi khiav haujlwm qis dua.
Hom Kev Lag Luam RO Membrane
Thin-Film Composite (TFC) Membranes
Nyias-film composite daim nyias nyias yog cov feem ntau siv thiab nrov hom RO membranes. Lawv muaj ib txheej nyias, ntom polyamide (PA) nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxeem tau. Cov txheej txheej polyamide yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsis lees paub cov ntsev thiab lwm yam tsis huv, thaum cov txheej txheem txhawb nqa muaj zog txhua yam. TFC daim nyias nyias muaj cov kev tsis lees paub siab thiab paub txog lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab kav ntev.
Nyias zaj duab xis composite (TFC) daim nyias nyias yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem sib cais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm desalination thiab dej purification. Cov daim nyias nyias no tau tsim los kom muaj txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej uas ua rau muaj kev sib cais ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, xws li ions lossis molecules, raws li lawv qhov loj thiab nqi.
Cellulose Acetate (CA) Membranes
Cellulose acetate membranes yog ib qho ntawm thawj hom RO membranes tsim. Lawv muaj cov khoom siv cellulose-raws li, cov khoom siv hluavtaws ntawm cov cellulose ntuj pom hauv cov nroj tsuag, coated rau ntawm cov ntaub tsis-woven. CA daim nyias nyias muaj qhov tsis lees txais qis dua piv rau TFC daim nyias nyias thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau fouling. Tab sis lawv tuaj yeem siv tau hauv qee daim ntawv thov uas qhov kev tsis lees txais ntsev siab tsis tseem ceeb.
Cellulose acetate daim nyias nyias yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev sib cais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov xws li dej kho, pom, thiab dialysis.
Polyamide Thin-Film (PA-TF) Membranes
Polyamide nyias-film membranes zoo ib yam li TFC daim nyias nyias, tab sis siv ntau hom polyamide txheej. PA-TF daim nyias nyias tau paub txog lawv cov kev tsis kam ntsev siab thiab kev ua tau zoo tag nrho hauv RO systems.
Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev sib cais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau high-temperature stability, tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab selectivity. Polyimides yog ib pawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas paub txog lawv qhov tshwj xeeb thermal thiab mechanical zog.
Puv Aromatic Polyamide (FA) Membranes
Tag nrho cov aromatic polyamide daim nyias nyias yog ib hom PA-TF daim nyias nyias ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj ntxhiab polyamide. Cov membranes no muaj cov tshuaj chlorine siab dua thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv dej nrog cov tshuaj chlorine ntau dua yam tsis muaj degradation.
Tag nrho cov aromatic polyimide daim nyias nyias yog siv rau hauv cov txheej txheem sib cais vim lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws li thermal stability, tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab kev xaiv. Cov membranes no tau siv dav hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum muaj kev sib cais nruj thiab kev ua haujlwm hnyav.
Nanocomposite Membranes
Nanocomposite RO membranes suav nrog cov khoom siv nano, xws li nanoparticles lossis nanotubes, rau hauv cov txheej txheem polyamide kom ua tiav cov khoom zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo piv rau cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Cov nanomaterials no tuaj yeem txhim kho daim nyias nyias, xws li kev tshem tawm ntsev, permeability, thiab fouling kuj.
Spiral-Wound Membranes
Kauv-qhov txhab daim nyias nyias yog qhov feem ntau configuration rau RO membranes. Lawv muaj cov nplooj ntawv tiaj tus ntawm cov khoom siv membrane qhwv ib ncig ntawm lub permeate sau tube los tsim cov qauv kab mob. Kev tsim cov kab mob kis tau tso cai rau thaj chaw loj ntawm daim nyias nyias nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw compact, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev lag luam RO systems.
Hollow-Fiber Membranes
Hollow-fiber RO daim nyias nyias yog tsim los ua me me, tubular fibers nrog lub hollow core uas zoo li cov straws me me. Cov fibers no yog siv los tsim ib thaj chaw siab rau kev sib cais. Qhov no tso cai rau cov kua dej ntws tawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud ntawm cov fibers.
Dab tsi yog Lub Neej Ntawm Kev Lag Luam RO Membrane
Rov qab osmosis membrane lifespan feem ntau tau pom tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob thiab peb xyoos. Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov xwm txheej uas lub membrane txuas ntxiv mus, ua haujlwm ntev txog tsib xyoos. Txawm li cas los xij, nco ntsoov tias cov dej tsis huv yuav yuam cov membrane kom degrade ntxov ntxov.
Cov txheej txheem tsim, xaiv cov khoom, pretreatment, kev ua haujlwm, kev tu cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab kev saib xyuas, txhua yam cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm RO ntsiab lus.
Cov khoom txawv teb chaws pom nyob rau hauv cov dej pub, xws li calcium precipitates, organic thiab biological khib nyiab, thiab hlau oxide hydrates, tuaj yeem foul rau saum npoo ntawm RO membrane. Lo lus "fouling" yog hais txog kev sib sau ntawm ob peb txheej, xws li scaling thiab biofilm tsim, ntawm daim nyias nyias.
Tam sim no, yog tias koj xav txiav txim siab seb puas yuav hloov RO daim nyias nyias, koj yuav tsum saib TDS ntawm cov dej huv. Muaj qhov ua tau zoo uas cov membrane yuav tsum tau hloov yog tias TDS nce.
Nco ntsoov tias piv rau lub sijhawm txwv ntawm 2-3 xyoo, TDS ntau dhau thiab dej tawv tuaj yeem yuam kom koj hloov daim nyias nyias ntau dua.
Kwv yees li, 80% ntawm tag nrho cov nqi ntawm RO cog mus rau kev hloov RO lim thiab RO daim nyias nyias. Qhov no yog vim li cas RO dej purifier hloov pauv yog nws cov khoom tseem ceeb. Peb yuav tsum hais tias koj tau cuam tshuam rau cov khoom hauv qab no, yog tias cov nroj tsuag RO cov lim thiab daim nyias nyias raug puas los yog tsis zoo:
● Muaj kev nkag tau rau cov dej uas huv, huv, thiab nyab xeeb.
● RO purification system zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntev tau txhim kho.
● Txo cov nqi kho mob.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Kev Lag Luam RO Membrane
Kauj Ruam 1: Txiav txim siab koj cov dej zoo
Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev xaiv cov khoom lag luam RO membrane yog los txiav txim siab koj cov dej zoo. Qhov zoo ntawm cov dej pub yuav txiav txim seb hom membrane yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov dej zoo li cas. Kev ntsuas dej zoo tuaj yeem ntsuas tau los ntawm kev ntsuas dej txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov concentration ntawm impurities thiab cov kab mob uas muaj nyob hauv dej. Daim ntawv qhia txog kev txheeb xyuas dej yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb xws li tag nrho cov khoom tawg (TDS), qib pH, thiab hardness ntawm cov dej. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab qhov tsim nyog membrane configuration thiab qhov loj me uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov dej zoo.
Kauj Ruam 2: Txheeb xyuas koj qhov System Requirements
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm koj qhov RO system. Qhov no suav nrog kev txiav txim siab tus nqi ntws, siab, thiab kub ntawm cov dej pub. Tus nqi ntws yog tus nqi dej uas lub kaw lus yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau ib hnub, thiab nws feem ntau ntsuas hauv nkas loos ib hnub (GPD). Lub siab thiab kub ntawm cov dej pub yuav txiav txim siab hom twj tso kua mis yuav tsum tau muab qhov tsim nyog siab rau cov khoom lag luam RO membrane. Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab seb hom membrane configuration yuav tsum tau, xws li kauv-qhov txhab los yog hollow-fiber membranes.
Kauj Ruam 3: Txiav txim siab qhov Membrane Configuration
Muaj ntau qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm daim nyias nyias muaj rau kev lag luam RO membrane, nrog rau cov kab mob spiral, hollow-fiber, thiab ceramics. Kauv-qhov txhab daim nyias nyias yog cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam RO systems vim lawv high efficiency, durability, thiab nqi-zoo. Hollow-fiber membranes yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau cov tshuab uas muaj tus nqi siab thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv kev lag luam. Ceramic membranes yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov kub thiab txias, xws li kev kho cov dej khib nyiab.
Kauj Ruam 4: Xaiv cov khoom Membrane
Kev lag luam RO membrane muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntaub ntawv, suav nrog cellulose acetate, polyamide, thiab nyias-film composite (TFC). Cellulose acetate membranes yog tsim rau cov dej uas tsis muaj TDS pub thiab tsis tshua kim dua lwm cov ntaub ntawv membrane. Polyamide daim nyias nyias muaj zog dua thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua li cov cellulose acetate daim nyias nyias thiab haum rau siab TDS pub dej. TFC daim nyias nyias yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab ruaj khov ntawm peb thiab yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau siab TDS pub dej.
Kauj Ruam 5: Txiav txim siab qhov Membrane Loj
Qhov loj ntawm kev lag luam RO daim nyias nyias yuav tsum yog nyob ntawm tus nqi ntws thiab qhov siab ntawm cov dej pub. Qhov luaj li cas ntawm daim nyias nyias yog feem ntau ntsuas hauv square feet thiab txiav txim siab los ntawm cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm daim nyias nyias los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev thiab tiv thaiv cov membrane fouling.
Membrane Flux (J)=(Permeate Flow Rate) / (Membrane Area)
Permeate Flow Rate=Qhov ntim ntawm permeate (cov kua uas tau dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias) ua rau ib lub sijhawm.
Membrane Area=Qhov chaw ntawm daim nyias nyias nto los ntawm cov permeate ntws.
Txhawm rau xam RO membrane flux, koj tuaj yeem ua raws li cov kauj ruam no:
Ntsuas qhov permeate flow rate:Ntsuas qhov ntim ntawm permeate uas tau dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm lub sijhawm. Tus nqi ntws tuaj yeem xam raws li hauv qab no:
Permeate Flow Rate=(Permeate Volume) / (Lub Sijhawm)
Permeate Volume=Qhov ntim ntawm permeate tsim thaum lub sij hawm ntsuas.
Sijhawm=Lub sijhawm ntsuas hauv vib nas this.
Ntsuas thaj tsam membrane:Ntsuas thaj tsam ntawm daim nyias nyias uas muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov kua uas tau lim.
Xam cov membrane flux:Siv cov qauv saum toj no los xam cov membrane flux los ntawm kev faib cov permeate txaus tus nqi los ntawm cheeb tsam membrane.
Membrane Flux (J)=(Permeate Flow Rate) / (Membrane Area)
Nco tseg:Cov units ntawm kev ntsuas rau permeate flow rate thiab membrane cheeb tsam yuav tsum zoo ib yam. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus permeate txaus tus nqi ntsuas nyob rau hauv liters ib teev, lub membrane cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau ntsuas nyob rau hauv square meters. Nov yog peb cov xov xwm hloov tshiab lub lim tiam no los ntawm HID daim nyias nyias thiab peb vam tias cov ntaub ntawv no peb yuav pab tau rau koj. Muaj ib lub lim tiam zoo nkauj.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Ua Lag Luam RO Membrane
New movie (ua ntej siv)
①Cov txheej membrane yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv lub xeev ntub. Txawm hais tias nws yuav tsum tau qhib ib ntus tib lub pob kom paub meej tias qhov ntau ntawm tib lub pob, nws yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub xeev yam tsis muaj punctureing lub hnab yas. Lub xeev no yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom txog thaum lub sijhawm siv.
②Thaum khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj 10 degree, tsis txhob tshav ntuj ncaj qha thiab xaiv qhov chaw muaj cua zoo. Lub sijhawm no, qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 35 degree.
③Yog tias nws khov, nws yuav ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj, yog li siv cov ntsuas kub thiab tsis txhob khov.
Membrane keeb tom qab dhau dej
①Cov txheej membrane yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw tsaus txhua lub sijhawm, qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 35 degree, thiab lub hnub ncaj qha yuav tsum zam.
②Nws tuaj yeem khov thaum qhov kub thiab txias qis dua 0 degree, yog li yuav tsum ntsuas kev tiv thaiv kom khov.
③Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv membrane yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv dej ntshiab lossis rov qab osmosis lim dej uas muaj cov tshuaj khaws cia (sodium bisulfite, 500-1000mg / L, pH 3-6).
④ Thaum khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib qho xwm txheej, daim nyias nyias yuav tsum tsis txhob khaws cia rau hauv lub xeev qhuav.
⑤ Cov concentration thiab pH tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj khaws cia yuav tsum tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv ntau yam saum toj no, thiab yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua. Yog hais tias nws yuav deviate los ntawm ntau yam saum toj no, npaj cov tshuaj preservation dua.
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